Table 1 Characteristics of observational studies in this systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors | Country | Age (mean) | Study type | Subjects (female, %) | Durationa (month) | Assay method of CEC | Labeled-cholesterol | Quality score | Outcome summary | BMI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ronda et al., 2013 [17] | USA | 45.0 | Case-control | 52 (86.7) | NAc | J774, Fu5AH, CHO-k1 to ApoB-depleted serum | 3H-cholesterol | 5 | CECb is impaired in RA | NA |
Vivekanandan-Giri et al., 2013 [18] | USA | 56.6 | Case-control | 34 (58.6) | 4.0 | J774 to ApoB-depleted serum | 3H-cholesterol | 5 | CEC was diminished in RA patients | Case: 27 ± 5 Control: 27 ± 7 |
Charles-Schoeman et al., 2015 [19] | USA | 54.0 | Case-control | 66 (82.0) | 12.8 | RAW264.7 to isolated HDL | 3H-cholesterol | 9 | no difference of CEC between RA patients and controls | Case: 28 ± 7 Control: 25 ± 4 |
O’Neill et al., 2016 [20] | UK | 59.1 | Case-control | 22 (73.0) | 5.0 | J774 to ApoB-depleted serum | 3H-cholesterol | 7 | – | Case: 24 ± 4 Control: 26 ± 2 |
Ormseth et al.,2016 [21] | USA | 54.0 | Cross-sectional | 144 (68.6) | 3.9 | THP-1 to ApoB-depleted serum | 3H-cholesterol | 6 | CEC is not significantly altered in RA patients | Case: 28 (24, 33) Control: 27 (25, 32) |
Tejera-Segura et al., 2017 [22] | Spain | 57.2 | Cross-sectional | 295 (73.6) | 7.0 | J774 to ApoB-depleted serum | BODIPY-cholesterol | 7 | CEC is not significantly altered in RA patients | Case: 28 ± 5 Control: 28 ± 5 |