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Table 4 Associations between lipid signal intensity with age, sex, and their interaction (includes those with top 10 most significant age*sex interactions)

From: Age and sex are associated with the plasma lipidome: findings from the GOLDN study

Lipid Species

Age β (SE)

Sex β (SE)

Age*Sex Interaction β (SE)

PC (p-38:5) or PC (o-38:6) A

0.0071 (0.0026)a

0.2561 (0.0587)c

0.0201 (0.0036)c

PC (38:4) A

0.0026 (0.0027)

0.2269 (0.0595)c

0.0192 (0.0036)c

PC (34:4)

−0.0022 (0.0027)

0.5713 (0.0598)c

0.0163 (0.0036)c

PC (38:4)

−0.0018 (0.0027)

0.1720 (0.0611)b

0.0169 (0.0037)c

SM (d32:2)

0.0048 (0.0022)

1.0661 (0.0485)c

0.0131 (0.0030)c

SM (d41:2) B

0.0063 (0.0026)a

0.6994 (0.0581)c

0.0157 (0.0035)c

PC (35:4)

0.0006 (0.0027)

0.4934 (0.0608)c

0.0156 (0.0037)b

SM (d30:1)

0.0029 (0.0026)

0.7290 (0.0580)c

0.0140 (0.0035)b

TG (56:5) B

0.0046 (0.0027)

−0.1895 (0.0595)b

0.0145 (0.0036)b

LPC (22:5)

−0.0049 (0.0027)

−0.5314 (0.0609)c

0.0146 (0.0037)b

  1. Rows include regression coefficients (β) and standard errors from separate linear regression models with outcome of standardized lipid intensity. Only results from models exhibiting the top 10 most significant age*sex interactions are shown; a full table of results for all 413 models is included in Additional File 1. Each model includes age, sex, age*sex interaction, batch, and BMI as covariates. In all models, age is centered at the mean age of 48.3 years, and the reference category for sex is male. All P-values are adjusted for multiple testing using a Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment to control the false discovery rate among each set of 413 coefficients at 0.05. Age coefficients (β) can be interpreted as the expected change in standardized lipid intensity for a one-year increase in age, among men, after adjustment for batch and BMI. Sex coefficients (β) can be interpreted as the expected difference in standardized lipid intensity between women and men, at the mean age, after adjustment for batch and BMI (positive values indicate higher expected levels in women). Age*sex interaction coefficients (β) can be interpreted as the expected additional change in standardized lipid intensity for a one-year increase in age, among women (on top of the age coefficient for men), after adjustment for batch and BMI. Put more simply, add the age coefficient and age*sex interaction coefficient together to find the expected change in standardized lipid intensity for a one-year increase in age, among women, after adjustment for batch and BMI. Lipids (A) and (B) designate resolved cis/trans stereoisomers
  2. aadjusted P-value < 0.05
  3. badjusted P-value < 0.01
  4. cadjusted P-value < 0.001