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Table 1 Baseline characteristics before and after propensity score matching

From: Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and incident diabetes mellitus among Japanese: a retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching

Before Matching

After Matching

Characteristic

non-NAFLD

NAFLD

Standardized Difference (100%)

P

non-NAFLD

NAFLD

Standardized Difference (100%)

P

Participants

11,765

2515

  

1671

1671

  

Age (years)

43.27 ± 8.99

44.78 ± 8.32

17.5

< 0.001

45.68 ± 9.14

45.47 ± 8.34

2.4

0.482

Gender

  

78.2

< 0.001

  

1.7

0.622

Male

5403 (45.92%)

2037 (80.99%)

  

1292 (77.32%)

1280 (76.60%)

  

Female

6362 (54.08%)

478 (19.01%)

  

379 (22.68%)

391 (23.40%)

  

BMI (kg/m2)

21.33 ± 2.61

25.50 ± 3.13

144.7

< 0.001

24.37 ± 2.61

24.40 ± 2.49

1.2

0.735

WC (cm)

74.10 ± 7.92

85.98 ± 7.78

151.3

< 0.001

83.17 ± 6.89

83.22 ± 6.41

0.8

0.810

SBP (mmHg)

111.93 ± 14.03

123.44 ± 14.83

79.7

< 0.001

120.45 ± 14.13

120.91 ± 14.28

3.2

0.349

DBP (mmHg)

69.71 ± 9.86

77.83 ± 10.19

81.0

< 0.001

75.77 ± 9.72

76.02 ± 9.65

2.6

0.454

FPG (mg/dL)

91.79 ± 7.24

97.19 ± 6.55

78.2

< 0.001

96.43 ± 6.62

96.34 ± 6.63

1.3

0.715

HbA1c (%)

5.15 ± 0.31

5.30 ± 0.33

46.4

< 0.001

5.26 ± 0.33

5.26 ± 0.33

1.1

0.746

ALT(U/L)

15 (12, 20)

27 (20, 39)

95.8

< 0.001

21 (16, 29)

24 (18, 31)

3.4

0.328

AST(U/L)

17 (14, 20)

20 (17, 26)

55.5

< 0.001

18 (15, 22)

19 (16, 23)

1.9

0.587

GGT(U/L)

14 (11, 18)

23 (16, 33)

61.5

< 0.001

19 (14, 28)

20 (15, 28)

1.0

0.781

TC (mg/dL)

195.50 ± 32.98

210.43 ± 33.55

44.9

< 0.001

207.09 ± 34.14

207.94 ± 33.42

2.5

0.464

TG (mg/dL)

58 (40, 84)

110 (77, 159)

95.8

< 0.001

92 (65, 132)

98 (70, 138)

3.7

0.284

HDL-C (mg/dL)

58.71 ± 15.33

45.87 ± 11.07

96.1

< 0.001

47.91 ± 12.48

47.98 ± 11.59

0.6

0.873

Smoking status

  

35.2

< 0.001

  

4.3

0.459

Never smoker

7565 (64.30%)

1186 (47.16%)

  

783 (46.86%)

811 (48.53%)

  

Ever smoker

1930 (16.40%)

642 (25.53%)

  

417 (24.96%)

420 (25.13%)

  

Current smoker

2270 (19.29%)

687 (27.32%)

  

471 (28.19%)

440 (26.33%)

  

Alcohol consumption

  

3.2

0.332

  

8.7

0.042

Non

8887 (75.54%)

1888 (75.07%)

  

1185 (70.92%)

1215 (72.71%)

  

Light

2302 (19.57%)

486 (19.32%)

  

388 (23.22%)

336 (20.11%)

  

Moderate

576 (4.90%)

141 (5.61%)

  

98 (5.86%)

120 (7.18%)

  

Regular exerciser

  

7.6

< 0.001

  

1.9

0.575

NO

9667 (82.17%)

2137 (84.97%)

  

1403 (83.96%)

1391 (83.24%)

  

YES

2098 (17.83%)

378 (15.03%)

  

268 (16.04%)

280 (16.76%)

  
  1. Values were n (%) or mean ± SD or median (interquartile range: 25th to 75th percentiles)
  2. SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycosylated haemoglobin, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X