Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Chinese: the Beijing longitudinal study of aging

Table 2 Adjusted hazard ratios for incidence of T2DM by the groups of HDL-C levels in the analyses of regression with time-dependent variables

	HDL-C (mmol/L)
	< 1.15	1.15–1.39	1.40–1.69	≥ 1.70
No. of participants	365	361	372	364
No. of diabetes cases	46	35	20	19
Incidence/1000 person-years	12.60	9.70	5.38	5.22
	Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)				P-value
Time-dependent Cox regression
I	1.00	0.96 (0.62–1.50)	0.46 (0.26–0.78)	0.37 (0.21–0.64)	< 0.001
II	1.00	1.00 (0.64–1.56)	0.49 (0.28–0.85)	0.45 (0.26–0.78)	0.001
III	1.00	1.04 (0.66–1.64)	0.54 (0.31–0.95)	0.49 (0.28–0.88)	0.006
IV	1.00	0.98 (0.62–1.55)	0.48 (0.27–0.85)	0.44 (0.25–0.80)	0.002
Time-dependent Fine-Gray model
I	1.00	0.97 (0.63–1.50)	0.45 (0.26–0.76)	0.39 (0.23–0.67)	< 0.001
II	1.00	1.03 (0.67–1.58)	0.48 (0.28–0.83)	0.48 (0.28–0.82)	0.002
III	1.00	1.10 (0.70–1.73)	0.56 (0.32–0.99)	0.56 (0.32–0.97)	0.014
IV	1.00	1.07 (0.68–1.67)	0.52 (0.29–0.92)	0.52 (0.30–0.91)	0.008

BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides
I: Adjustments were made for gender, age, education, smoking status, alcohol intake, regular exercise, residence and job type
II: Model I along with hypertension, BMI, consumptions of staple foods and eggs
III: Model II along with LDL-C, TG, antihypertensive drug and cardiovascular medication use
IV: Model III along with FPG

ISSN: 1476-511X