Table 2 Characteristics of the 12 equations for calculated LDL
LDLcal | Pub. year | N of subjects or specimens | Studied region | Specimen type | TG concentration characteristics | Measurement method for LDL quantification | Equations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LDLFriedwald | 1972 | 448 subjects | USA | Plasma | TG ranged 20–2502 mg/dL. | Ultracentrifugation | TC – HDL – (TG / 5) |
LDLDeLong | 1986 | 10,483 subjects | USA | Plasma or serum | 964 subjects whose TG > 400 mg/dL were included. | Ultracentrifugation | TC – (HDL + 0.16 x TG) |
LDLRao | 1988 | 196 sera | Kuwait | Serum | 33 subjects defined as high TG (> 204 mg/dL) were included. | Ultracentrifugation | TC – HDL – {TG x [0.203 – (0.00011 x TG)]} |
LDLHattori | 1998 | 2179 subjects | Japan | Plasma | Subjects with TG > 400 mg/dL were excluded. a | Ultracentrifugation | (0.94 x TC) – (0.94 x HDL) – 0.19 x TG |
LDLAnadaraja | 2005 | 2008 subjects | India | Plasma | 153 subjects whose TG > 350 mg/dL were included. | Ultracentrifugation | (0.9 x TC) – (0.9 X TG / 5) – 28 |
LDLAhmadi | 2008 | 230 sera from 115 subjects | Iran | Serum | All subjects had TG < 350 mg/dL. a Equations were produced using data from patients with TG < 100 mg/dL. | Automated enzymatic method | (TC / 1.19) – (HDL / 1.1) + (TG / 1.9) – 38 |
LDLPuavilai | 2009 | 999 sera | Thailand | Serum | 80 subjects whose TG > 300 mg/dL were included. | Automated enzymatic method | TC – HDL – (TG / 6) |
LDLVujovic | 2010 | 2053 subjects | Serbia | Serum | Subjects with TG > 400 mg/dL were excluded. a | Automated enzymatic method | TC – HDL – (TG/ 6.58) |
LDLChen and Zhang | 2010 | 2180 subjects | China | Serum | 480 subjects whose TG > 400 mg/dL were included. | Automated enzymatic method | (TC – HDL) × 0.9 – (TG × 0.1) |
LDLde Cordova | 2013 | 10,664 subjects | Brazil | Serum | 470 subjects whose TG > 400 mg/dL were included. | Automated enzymatic method | 0.7516 x (TC – HDL) |
LDLMartin | 2013 | 1,350,908 subjects | USA | Serum | 10,124 subjects whose TG > 400 mg/dL were included. | Ultracentrifugation | (TC – HDL) – (TG / different adjustable factors) |
LDLChoi | This study | Development cohort: 5198 sera from 4562 subjects Validation cohort 1: 2163 sera from 2086 subjects Validation cohort 2: 889 sera from 889 subjects | South Korea | Serum | 302 sera with TG > 400 mg/dL were included. 75 sera with TG > 400 mg/dL were included. All subjects had TG ≥ 200 mg/dL (Among them, 131 had TG > 400 mg/dL) | Automated enzymatic method b | TC – 0.87 x HDL – 0.13 x TG |