Table 5 Associations of mean, visit-to-visit variability and trajectory of HDL-c with incident T2DM

Mean level

>1.04 mmol/L

3532 (141)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

≤1.04 mmol/L

943 (82)

2.37 (1.80-3.11)

< 0.001

1.28 (0.95-1.72)

0.109

Total

Quartiles of the mean level (mmol/L)

Q1 (0.00,1.07)

1141 (98)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Q2 (1.08,1.25)

1101 (65)

0.68 (0.49-0.93)

0.001

0.89 (0.65-1.24)

0.495

Q3 (1.26,1.50)

1125 (41)

0.37 (0.25-0.53)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.37-0.80)

0.002

Q4 (1.51,2.95)

1108 (19)

0.19 (0.11-0.31)

< 0.001

0.38 (0.22-0.66)

0.001

P_trend

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.001

Per 1-unit increase

0.14 (0.09-0.23)

< 0.001

0.35 (0.20-0.63)

0.000

Quartiles of SD

Q1 (0.01,0.07)

1056 (60)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Q2 (0.08,0.10)

1012 (59)

0.93 (0.65-1.33)

0.675

0.92 (0.64-1.32)

0.650

Q3 (0.11,0.15)

1310 (60)

0.70 (0.49-1.01)

0.054

0.90 (0.63-1.30)

0.571

Q4 (0.16,0.52)

1092 (44)

0.56 (0.38-0.83)

0.004

0.78 (0.52-1.17)

0.234

P_trend

0.160

0.014

0.699

Trajectories

Low

2244 (164)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Moderate

1680 (51)

0.38 (0.27-0.51)

< 0.001

0.52 (0.37-0.72)

< 0.001

High

551 (8)

0.18 (0.09-0.36)

< 0.001

0.38 (0.18-0.80)

0.011

P_trend

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Exclusion of prediabetes

Quartiles of the mean level (mmol/L)

Q1 (0.00,1.07)

1039 (50)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Q2 (1.08,1.26)

1064 (34)

0.65 (0.42-1.01)

0.053

0.90 (0.57-1.41)

0.645

Q3 (1.27,1.51)

1077 (23)

0.39 (0.24-0.64)

0.000

0.57 (0.33-0.97)

0.040

Q4 (1.52,2.95)

1030 (10)

0.19 (0.09-0.37)

< 0.001

0.35 (0.16-0.75)

0.007

Trajectories

Low

2100 (83)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Moderate

1588 (29)

0.42 (0.28-0.64)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.35-0.88)

0.013

High

522 (5)

0.21 (0.09-0.53)

0.001

0.40 (0.15-1.04)

0.061