Triglyceride glucose-body mass index in identifying high-risk groups of pre-diabetes

Table 5 Stratified associations between TyG-BMI and pre-diabetes by age, sex, BMI and family history of diabetes

Subgroup	WHO	P-value	P-interaction	ADA	P-value	P-interaction
Subgroup	adjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value	P-interaction	adjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value	P-interaction
Age (years)			< 0.0001			< 0.0001
18–29	1.50 (1.29, 1.75)	< 0.0001		1.34 (1.25, 1.43)	< 0.0001
30–39	1.62 (1.52, 1.73)	< 0.0001		1.35 (1.31, 1.40)	< 0.0001
40–49	1.58 (1.48, 1.69)	< 0.0001		1.35 (1.31, 1.40)	< 0.0001
50–59	1.37 (1.29, 1.45)	< 0.0001		1.23 (1.18, 1.28)	< 0.0001
60–69	1.21 (1.12, 1.29)	< 0.0001		1.08 (1.03, 1.13)	0.0031
≥ 70	1.19 (1.08, 1.32)	< 0.0001		1.10 (1.02, 1.17)	0.0086
Sex			0.0182			< 0.0001
Women	1.49 (1.41, 1.57)	< 0.0001		1.40 (1.35, 1.44)	< 0.0001
Men	1.38 (1.33, 1.44)	< 0.0001		1.18 (1.15, 1.20)	< 0.0001
BMI (kg/m²)			< 0.0001			< 0.0001
< 18.5	1.43 (0.47, 4.32)	0.5252		1.93 (1.25, 2.99)	0.0030
≥ 18.5, < 24	1.84 (1.66, 2.04)	< 0.0001		1.51 (1.44, 1.59)	< 0.0001
≥ 24, < 28	1.34 (1.22, 1.46)	< 0.0001		1.26 (1.19, 1.33)	< 0.0001
≥ 28	1.30 (1.18, 1.43)	< 0.0001		1.15 (1.07, 1.23)	0.0001
Family history of diabetes			0.0625			0.4701
Yes	1.20 (0.99, 1.44)	0.0576		1.31 (1.19, 1.45)	< 0.0001
No	1.43 (1.38, 1.48)	< 0.0001		1.27 (1.24, 1.29)	< 0.0001

Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, TyG-BMI triglyceride glucose-body mass index, HR hazard ratios, CI confidence, ADA American Diabetes Association, WHO World Health Organization
The model adjusted for age, SBP, DBP, FPG, ALT and HDL-C;
Note: For age stratified analysis, the stratification variable was omitted from the model

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