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Table 4 Glucose and lipid index at baseline and after 6-month of each treatment

From: Effects of marine-derived and plant-derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on erythrocyte fatty acid composition in type 2 diabetic patients

Blood biochemical index

FO (n = 52)

PO (n = 50)

LFO (n = 48)

T Effect

t

Effect

T × t Interaction

Baseline

6 month

Baseline

6 month

Baseline

6 month

p

p

p

Glucose (mmol/L)

8.38 ± 1.94

8.19 ± 1.80

8.43 ± 2.15

7.76 ± 1.79 *

8.77 ± 2.13

8.24 ± 2.69 *

0.464

0.005

< 0.001

Insulin (mU/L)

7.84 (4.64,13.66)

3.97 (2.44,6.93) *

9.42 (5.63,14.06)

4.77 (2.96,8.82) *

9.45 (5.60,15.21)

4.28 (2.52,14.84) *

0.656

< 0.001

< 0.001

HOMA-IR a

2.93 (1.76,5.36)

1.45 (0.78,2.53) *

3.39 (1.94, 4.94)

1.60 (0.87,3.42) *

3.35 (2.22, 5.66)

1.41 (0.87,4.87)

0.454

< 0.001

< 0.001

C-peptide (nmol/L)

0.63 ± 0.31

0.37 ± 0.17 *

0.69 ± 0.32

0.41 ± 0.18 *

0.58 ± 0.27

0.36 ± 0.20 *

0.311

< 0.001

< 0.001

HbA1c

6.79 ± 1.05

6.54 ± 1.19

6.94 ± 1.09

6.62 ± 1.29 *

6.74 ± 1.09

6.27 ± 1.17 *

0.324

< 0.001

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

2.18 ± 1.77

1.52 ± 0.64 *

2.25 ± 1.80

1.75 ± 0.64

1.94 ± 1.40

1.73 ± 0.74

0.227

0.324

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

5.91 ± 1.28

5.50 ± 1.21 *

5.72 ± 0.85

5.33 ± 0.99 *

5.91 ± 0.98

5.40 ± 0.92 *

0.697

< 0.001

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.28 ± 0.32

1.36 ± 0.29

1.25 ± 0.24

1.24 ± 0.23

1.30 ± 0.30

1.28 ± 0.30

0.083

0.980

< 0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.83 ± 0.99

2.90 ± 0.76

2.74 ± 0.60

2.57 ± 0.57 *

2.99 ± 0.71

2.91 ± 0.73

0.022

0.661

< 0.001

non HDL-C (mmol/L)

4.63 ± 1.20

4.18 ± 1.18 *

4.46 ± 0.80

4.11 ± 1.00 *

4.61 ± 0.84

4.12 ± 0.79 *

0.926

< 0.001

< 0.001

LPa (mg/L) a

121.23 (54.63, 406.75)

138.95 (61.66,334.77)

197.58 (62.57,410.12)

132.45 (44.77,308.22) *

175.61 (62.94,326.93)

134.90 (61.52,277.00) *

0.997

< 0.001

< 0.001

Apo A1 (g/L)

1.42 ± 0.24

1.34 ± 0.20 *

1.40 ± 0.18

1.33 ± 0.17 *

1.44 ± 0.21

1.34 ± 0.19 *

0.874

< 0.001

< 0.001

Apo B (g/L)

1.05 ± 0.27

1.07 ± 0.30

1.05 ± 0.20

0.95 ± 0.24 *

1.11 ± 0.21

1.06 ± 0.20 *

0.029

0.037

< 0.001

LDL/HDL ratio

2.24 ± 0.80

2.23 ± 0.60

2.23 ± 0.56

2.17 ± 0.52

2.34 ± 0.57

2.33 ± 0.59

0.385

0.982

< 0.001

TG/HDL ratio a

1.33 (0.88,2.27)

1.04 (0.71,1.42) *

1.41 (0.89,2.27)

1.26 (0.95,1.90)

1.34 (0.72,2.20)

1.26 (0.77,1.99)

0.733

0.686

< 0.001

Apo A1/Apo B a

1.40 (1.22,1.56)

1.28 (1.12,1.54)

1.35 (1.14,1.54)

1.36 (1.18,1.60)

1.27 (1.12,1.44)

1.31 (1.10,1.44)

0.313

0.488

0.475

FFA (mmol/L)

0.50 ± 0.24

0.45 ± 0.19

0.52 ± 0.23

0.54 ± 0.23

0.50 ± 0.25

0.43 ± 0.16

0.024

0.167

< 0.001

IL6 (mg/L)

10.20 ± 2.90

2.95 ± 1.44 *

10.05 ± 2.95

3.68 ± 2.47 *

9.76 ± 4.45

3.18 ± 2.15 *

0.188

< 0.001

0.003

  1. a Data presented as median (P25, P75), Kruskal-Wallis tests for comparing difference among three groups
  2. T: treatment effect. ANOVA test for comparing difference among groups;
  3. t, time effect. Paired t test for comparing differences before and after intervention;
  4. T × t: treatment×time interaction effect. Two-way repeated ANOVA test for assess the interaction effects adjusted the baseline values of each biochemical variables as covariate
  5. * Significantly different as compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Values are expressed as mean ± SD
  6. FO Fish oil, PO Perilla oil, LFO mixed linseed oil and fish oil, HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, TG Triglyceride, TC Total cholesterol, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LPa Lipoprotein a, Apo A1 Apolipoprotein A1, Apo B Apolipoprotein B, FFA Free fatty acids, IL-6 Interleukin
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X