Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation grouped by Lp(a) quartiles

Age, year

68.0 (58.0, 76.0)

69.00 (59.0, 77.0)^a

70.0 (60.0, 77.0)^b

70.0 (60.0, 77.0)^c

44.173

<  0.001

Women, n (%)

1462 (35.6)

1522 (37.4)

1455 (35.5)

1496 (36.7)

4.033

0.258

 Other

1078 (26.3)

1130 (27.7)

1112 (27.2)

1317 (32.3)

 Han

3028 (73.8)

2945 (72.3)

2982 (72.8)

2765 (67.7)^cef

43.275

<  0.001

AF type, n (%)

53.770

<  0.001

 Paroxysmal

1441 (35.1)

1326 (32.5)

1300 (31.8)^b

1320 (32.3)^c

 Persistent

282 (6.9)

183 (4.5)^a

176 (4.3)^b

222 (5.4)^c

 Other

2383 (58.0)

2566 (63.0)^a

2618 (63.9)^b

2540 (62.2)^c

Heart failure, n (%)

281 (6.8)

319 (7.8)

305 (7.5)

323 (7.9)

4.195

0.241

Hypertension, n (%)

2259 (55.0)

2320 (56.9)

2301 (56.2)

2301 (56.4)

3.235

0.357

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

842 (20.5)

768 (18.9)

838 (20.5)

811 (19.9)

4.608

0.203

Stroke, n (%)

107 (2.6)

112 (2.8)

119 (2.9)

126 (3.1)

1.907

0.592

Vascular disease, n (%)

191 (4.7)

180 (4.4)

158 (3.9)

211 (5.2)^f

8.382

0.039

CHA₂DS₂-VASc score

2.2 ± 1.4

2.3 ± 1.4^a

2.3 ± 1.4^b

2.3 ± 1.4^c

7.410

<  0.001

WBC count, 10⁹/L

6.7 (5.3, 8.2)

6.8 (5.6, 8.5)^a

6.9 (5.6, 8.4)^b

7.1 (5.7, 8.7)^cef

74.448

<  0.001

Neutrophil count,10⁹/L

4.0 (3.0, 5.8)

4.3 (3.2, 6.4)^a

4.4 (3.3, 6.5)^b

4.6 (3.4, 6.9)^cef

165.592

<  0.001

Monocyte count, 10⁹/L

0.5 (0.4,0.7)

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)^a

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)^cef

69.262

<  0.001

Lymphocyte count, 10⁹/L

1.8 (1.4, 2.3)

1.8 (1.4, 2.3)

1.8 (1.4, 2.3)

1.8 (1.4, 2.3)

8.581

0.035

Platelet count, 10⁹/L

191.0 (148.0, 239.0)

200.0 (150.0, 247.0)^a

201.0 (157.0, 248.0)^b

210.0 (167.0, 262.0)^cef

156.017

<  0.001

RDW, %

13.5 (12.9, 14.6)

13.7 (13.0, 14.8)^a

13.7 (13.0, 14.8)^b

13.7 (13.0, 14.8)^c

50.128

<  0.001

TC, mmol/L

3.4 (2.8, 4.1)

3.5 (2.9, 4.3)^a

3.6 (3.0, 4.3)^bd

3.8 (3.1, 4.5)^cef

225.102

<  0.001

TG, mmol/L

1.2 (0.9, 1.8)

1.2 (0.9, 1.7)

1.2 (0.9, 1.6)^b

1.3 (0.9, 1.8)^cef

60.614

<  0.001

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.1 (1.6, 2.7)

2.2 (1.7, 2.8)^a

2.3 (1.8, 2.9)^bd

2.4 (1.9, 3.0)^cef

282.551

<  0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.0 (0.8, 1.2)

1.0 (0.8, 1.3)

1.1 (0.9, 1.3)^bd

1.0 (0.9, 1.3)^c

28.420

<  0.001

apoA-1, g/L

1.1 (1.0, 1.3)

1.1 (1.0, 1.3)

1.1 (1.0, 1.3)

1.1 (1.0, 1.3)

5.934

0.115

apo B, g/L

0.7 (0.6, 0.9)

0.7 (0.6, 0.9)^a

0.8 (0.6, 0.9)^bd

0.8 (0.7, 1.0)^cef

319.269

<  0.001

Lipid-lowering medications, n (%)

1063 (25.9)

926 (22.7)^a

899 (22.0)

1051 (25.8)^ef

27.728

<  0.001

Antiplatelet agents, n (%)

811 (19.8)

776 (19.0)

809 (19.8)

818 (20.0)

1.401

0.705

Anticoagulants, n (%)

1194 (29.1)

962 (23.6)^a

861 (21.0)^bd

890 (21.8)^c

89.187

<  0.001

 NOAC

684 (57.3)

483 (50.2)^a

419 (48.7)^b

510 (57.3)

24.316

<  0.001

 Warfarin

510 (42.7)

479 (49.8)^a

442 (51.3)^b

380 (42.7)