Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

N

112,032

2668

<  0.001

Age (years)

43.85 ± 12.80

56.65 ± 12.65

<  0.001

Gender

<  0.001

 Female

51,816 (46.25)

791 (29.65)

 Male

60,216 (53.75)

1877 (70.35)

Height (cm)

166.32 ± 8.32

166.52 ± 8.55

0.221

Weight (kg)

64.80 ± 12.03

72.55 ± 13.07

<  0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

23.31 ± 3.27

26.04 ± 3.43

<  0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

119.22 ± 16.52

132.00 ± 18.78

<  0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74.36 ± 10.91

80.58 ± 11.93

<  0.001

FPG (mg/dL)

88.67 ± 10.50

106.56 ± 12.72

<  0.001

TC (mg/dL)

185.48 ± 34.54

196.41 ± 36.47

<  0.001

TG (mg/dL)

97.46 (68.22, 146.20)

151.50 (104.50, 221.50)

<  0.001

HDL (mg/dL)

53.02 ± 11.54

49.82 ± 11.07

<  0.001

LDL (mg/dL)

107.14 ± 26.26

112.32 ± 27.16

<  0.001

Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)

18.00 (13.00, 27.20)

25.10 (18.00, 39.45)

<  0.001

Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

4.68 ± 1.17

5.02 ± 1.29

<  0.001

Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

70.31 ± 15.82

73.02 ± 16.49

<  0.001

Smoking status

<  0.001

 Never smoker

23,767 (21.21)

386 (14.47)

 Ever smoker

1272 (1.14)

46 (1.72)

 Current smoker

6372 (5.69)

256 (9.6)

 Unknown

80,621 (71.96)

1980 (74.21)

Drinking status

0.002

 Never drinker

25,227 (22.52)

541 (20.28)

 Ever drinker

5353 (4.78)

116 (4.35)

 Current drinker

831 (0.74)

31 (1.16)

 Unknown

80,621 (71.96)

1980 (74.21)

Family history of diabetes

<  0.001

 No

109,547 (97.78)

2570 (96.33)

 Yes

2485 (2.22)

98 (3.67)