Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
General characteristics | Missing N | multiple imputations | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.14 ± 17.31 | 0 | 51.14 ± 17.31 |
Males (%) | 50.29 | 0 | 50.29 |
Race/Ethnicity (%) | 0 | ||
Non-Hispanic White | 32.61 | 32.61 | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 23.65 | 23.65 | |
Mexican American | 15.03 | 15.03 | |
Other Hispanic | 8.91 | 8.91 | |
Other Race | 19.80 | 19.80 | |
Education levels (%) | 1591 | ||
Less than 12th grade | 18.72 | 25.26 | |
High school graduate or college degree | 56.49 | 54.88 | |
College graduate or above | 24.79 | 19.86 | |
Ratio of family income | 2.40 ± 1.60 | 536 | 0.58 ± 0.91* |
BMI | 26.49 ± 8.35 | 498 | 3.20 ± 0.31* |
Waist circumference (cm) | 89.50 ± 22.73 | 684 | 4.47 ± 0.27* |
ALT (U/L) | 21.07 ± 16.69 | 1391 | 2.88 ± 0.55* |
AST (U/L) | 21.69 ± 13.57 | 1391 | 2.96 ± 0.37* |
GGT (U/L) | 30.07 ± 50.30 | 1391 | 2.99 ± 0.71* |
Serum creatinine (mmol/L) | 76.69 ± 36.73 | 1390 | 4.31 ± 0.30* |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.23 ± 1.27 | 1392 | 0.04 ± 0.61* |
Serum cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.74 ± 1.08 | 1390 | 4.75 ± 1.07 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.39 ± 0.38 | 990 | 1.37 ± 0.38 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.80 ± 0.93 | 1203 | 0.98 ± 0.34* |
Glycohemoglobin (%) | 5.76 ± 0.99 | 1335 | 5.71 ± 0.96 |
HOMA-IR | 3.61 ± 5.42 | 2657 | 0.92 ± 0.76* |
Dietary fat intake (g) | 80.74 ± 48.43 | 710 | 4.17 ± 0.66* |
Physical activity (MET) | 699.61 ± 2768.99 | 542 | 6.52 ± 1.31* |
Smoking habits (%) | 1460 | ||
current | 17.81 | 14.79 | |
former | 21.47 | 18.94 | |
never | 60.72 | 66.27 | |
Hypertension (%) | 33.66 | 1331 | 27.61 |
Diabetes (%) | 9.66 | 224 | 9.61 |
Exposures | |||
SUA (µmol/L) | 325.98 ± 88.35 | 0 | / |
SUA (mg/dL) | 5.48 ± 1.49 | 0 | / |
Hyperuricemia (%) | 19.32 | 0 | / |
Outcomes | |||
Median CAP (dB/m) | 266.32 ± 62.23 | 0 | / |