Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants
| Â | Quartiles of AIP | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Total | Q1(≤—0.37) | Q2(-0.37–0.15) | Q3(0.15–0.73) | Q4(≥ 0.73) | P value |
Included participants | 15,453 | 3,863 | 3,863 | 3,861 | 3866 | Â |
Sex, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Female | 7034 (45.5) | 2951 (76.4) | 2155 (55.8) | 1355 (35.1) | 573 (14.8) |  |
 Male | 8419 (54.5) | 912 (23.6) | 1708 (44.2) | 2506 (64.9) | 3293 (85.2) |  |
Age, years | 43.7 ± 8.9 | 41.3 ± 8.4 | 43.4 ± 8.9 | 45.0 ± 9.1 | 45.2 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
WC, cm | 76.5 ± 9.1 | 70.6 ± 7.0 | 73.9 ± 7.9 | 78.0 ± 8.2 | 83.4 ± 8.0 | < 0.001 |
Weight, kg | 60.6 ± 11.6 | 53.3 ± 8.4 | 57.7 ± 9.9 | 62.3 ± 10.5 | 69.3 ± 11.1 | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.1 ± 3.1 | 20.3 ± 2.3 | 21.4 ± 2.6 | 22.5 ± 2.9 | 24.3 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
Smoking, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 9027 (58.4) | 3032 (78.5) | 2530 (65.5) | 1981 (51.3) | 1484 (38.4) |  |
 Past | 2949 (19.1) | 480 (12.4) | 672 (17.4) | 840 (21.8) | 957 (24.8) |  |
 Current | 3477 (22.5) | 351 (9.1) | 661 (17.1) | 1040 (26.9) | 1425 (36.9) |  |
Alcohol, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 None | 11802 (76.4) | 3264 (84.5) | 3007 (77.8) | 2854 (73.9) | 2677 (69.2) |  |
 Light | 1754 (11.4) | 317 (8.2) | 432 (11.2) | 492 (12.7) | 513 (13.3) |  |
 Moderate | 1357 (8.8) | 225 (5.8) | 311 (8.1) | 361 (9.3) | 460 (11.9) |  |
 Heavy | 540 (3.5) | 57 (1.5) | 113 (2.9) | 154 (4) | 216 (5.6) |  |
Exercise, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 12747 (82.5) | 3133 (81.1) | 3178 (82.3) | 3161 (81.9) | 3275 (84.7) |  |
 Yes | 2706 (17.5) | 730 (18.9) | 685 (17.7) | 700 (18.1) | 591 (15.3) |  |
Fatty liver, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 12716 (82.3) | 3781 (97.9) | 3577 (92.6) | 3164 (81.9) | 2194 (56.8) |  |
 Yes | 2737 (17.7) | 82 (2.1) | 286 (7.4) | 697 (18.1) | 1672 (43.2) |  |
ALT, IU/L | 20.0 ± 14.3 | 15.1 ± 7.6 | 17.0 ± 8.9 | 20.2 ± 11.4 | 27.5 ± 21.6 | < 0.001 |
AST, IU/L | 18.4 ± 8.6 | 17.1 ± 6.7 | 17.4 ± 6.0 | 18.3 ± 7.0 | 20.9 ± 12.6 | < 0.001 |
GGT, IU/L | 20.3 ± 18.1 | 14.3 ± 9.9 | 16.8 ± 12.3 | 21.5 ± 19.0 | 28.7 ± 24.2 | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 56.5 ± 15.6 | 71.2 ± 14.7 | 60.7 ± 11.3 | 52.2 ± 9.9 | 42.0 ± 8.2 | < 0.001 |
TC, mg/dL | 198.2 ± 33.4 | 188.2 ± 31.1 | 193.9 ± 31.4 | 200.0 ± 33.2 | 210.7 ± 33.7 | < 0.001 |
TG, mg/dL | 65.0(44.0,99.0) | 34.0(27.0,41.0) | 54.0(47.0,62.0) | 79.0(68.0,91.0) | 135.0(110.0–173.0) | < 0.001 |
HbA1, % | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.3 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
FPG, mg/dL | 93.0 ± 7.4 | 89.6 ± 7.1 | 91.9 ± 7.2 | 94.0 ± 7.0 | 96.3 ± 6.7 | < 0.001 |
SBP, mmHg | 114.5 ± 15.0 | 108.4 ± 13.1 | 112.0 ± 14.2 | 116.3 ± 14.5 | 121.1 ± 14.9 | < 0.001 |
DBP, mmHg | 71.6 ± 10.5 | 67.1 ± 9.3 | 69.7 ± 9.9 | 73.0 ± 10.1 | 76.6 ± 10.3 | < 0.001 |
Prehypertension, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 11175 (72.3) | 3228 (83.6) | 2990 (77.4) | 2640 (68.4) | 2317 (59.9) |  |
 Yes | 4278 (27.7) | 635 (16.4) | 873 (22.6) | 1221 (31.6) | 1549 (40.1) |  |
Hypertension, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 14491 (93.8) | 3784 (98.0) | 3710 (96.0) | 3584 (92.8) | 3413 (88.3) |  |
 Yes | 962 (6.2) | 79 (2.0) | 153 (4.0) | 277 (7.2) | 453 (11.7) |  |
AIP | 0.2 ± 0.8 | -0.8 ± 0.3 | -0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |