Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis

Table 1 Sensitivity analysis, including heterogeneity test and horizontal pleiotropy test

Sensitivity analysis
Heterogeneity test
Exposure	Outcome	Heterogeneity test (MR‒Egger)			Heterogeneity test (IVW)
Exposure	Outcome	Cochrane’s Q	Q_df	Q_pval	Cochrane’s Q	Q_df	Q_pval
LDL-C	HCC	32.208	24	0.122	32.449	25	0.145
CAD	HCC	72.982	65	0.232	73.389	66	0.249
LDL-C	CAD	39.011	20	0.007	41.834	21	0.004
HCC	LDL-C	4.360	8	0.823	8.494	9	0.485
Horizontal pleiotropy test
Exposure	Outcome	Horizontal pleiotropy test (MR‒Egger)			Horizontal pleiotropy test (MR-PRESSO)
Exposure	Outcome	Intercept	Pval		Global test pval
LDL-C	HCC	-0.009	0.675		0.293
CAD	HCC	0.009	0.549		0.276
LDL-C	CAD	-0.009	0.243		0.196
HCC	LDL-C	0.014	0.076		0.513

LDL-C Low-Density lipoprotein cholesterol, CAD Coronary artery disease, HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma, Q_df Q_ degree of freedom, IVW Inverse variance weighting

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