Table 1 Summarizing the important lipid metabolites in TMZ-resistant GBM

Sphingomyelins

Structural component of cell membranes

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [13, 14]

Phosphatidylcholines

Structural component of cell membranes

Increased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [22, 23]

Phosphatidylethanolamine

Structural component of cell membranes

Increased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [16, 23, 26]

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)

Structural components of cell membranes and signaling molecules

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [15,16,17]

Glutathione

Antioxidant

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [18, 19]

Taurine

Antioxidant

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [20, 21]

N-Acetylaspartate

Involved in energy metabolism and neurotransmission

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [27,28,29]

Creatine

Involved in energy metabolism and brain function

Decreased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [30, 31]

Myo-inositol

Involved in cell signaling and osmoregulation

Increased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [24, 25]

Choline

Precursor for synthesis of phospholipids and signaling molecules

Increased levels observed in TMZ-resistant GBM [32, 33]