Fig. 2

Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP) and lipoxygenase (LOX) / CYPω/(ω-1)-hydroxylase metabolize linoleic (LA), arachidonic (AA), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) in response to cardiopulmonary bypass procedure. The oxylipins detected in these metabolic pathways correspond to LA, AA, EPA, and DHA metabolism changes. AA, LA, EPA, and DHA are transformed to epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs, e.g., 5,6-EET), epoxyoctadecenoic acids (EpOMEs, e.g., 9,10-EpOME), epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EEQs, e.g., 5,6-EEQ), and epoxydocosapentaenoic acids (EDPs, e.g., 13,14-EDP) by CYP epoxygenase, respectively. EpOMEs, EETs, EEQs, and EDPs are mainly hydrolyzed to dihydroxyctadecenoic acids (DiHOMEs, e.g., 9,10-DiHOME), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs, e.g., 14,15-DHET), dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (DiHETEs, e.g., 17,18-DiHETE), and dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acids (DiHDPAs, e.g., 19,20-DiHDPA) by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). LA, EPA, AA, and DHA are converted to hydroperoxylinoleic acids (HpODEs), hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs, e.g., 9-HODE), leukotriene B (LTB), lipoxin A (LXA), hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (HDHAs, e.g., 7-HDHA), hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs), and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs, e.g., 15-HEPE) by LOX, CYP ω/(ω-1)-hydroxylase, and peroxidase pathways. Modified from [8]