Overall (0.05–3.90) | T1 (0.05–0.45) | T2 (0.45–0.85) | T3 (0.85–3.90) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of participants | 1759 | 586 | 586 | 587 | |
Age (years) | 50.2 ± 16.2 | 50.4 ± 17.0 | 50.7 ± 15.6 | 49.4 ± 15.9 | 0.3605 |
Gender (%) | 0.0024 | ||||
Male | 50.76 | 49.33 | 46.24 | 56.19 | |
Female | 49.24 | 50.67 | 53.76 | 43.81 | |
Race (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Non-Hispanic White | 63.96 | 66.03 | 57.69 | 67.44 | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 8.82 | 11.69 | 10.90 | 4.08 | |
Mexican American | 10.11 | 8.20 | 9.99 | 12.14 | |
Other | 17.10 | 14.08 | 21.41 | 16.34 | |
Education level (%) | 0.0010 | ||||
<High school | 10.76 | 7.11 | 11.96 | 13.40 | |
≥High school | 89.24 | 92.89 | 88.04 | 86.60 | |
Marital status (%) | 0.7860 | ||||
Married/Living with Partner | 69.22 | 67.94 | 69.41 | 70.34 | |
Never married | 14.16 | 14.64 | 13.31 | 14.42 | |
Other | 16.63 | 17.43 | 17.27 | 15.24 | |
PIR | 3.17 ± 1.60 | 3.36 ± 1.56 | 3.11 ± 1.67 | 3.03 ± 1.57 | 0.0025 |
Smoking (%) | 0.1126 | ||||
Yes | 42.00 | 40.39 | 40.01 | 45.38 | |
No | 58.00 | 59.61 | 59.99 | 54.62 | |
Moderate work activity (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 49.67 | 55.97 | 41.92 | 50.16 | |
No | 50.33 | 44.03 | 58.08 | 49.84 | |
Waist circumference (cm) | 107.19 ± 15.73 | 100.65 ± 14.51 | 107.88 ± 14.45 | 113.18 ± 15.48 | < 0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 32.23 ± 7.19 | 29.44 ± 6.14 | 32.62 ± 6.88 | 34.70 ± 7.45 | < 0.0001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 123.11 ± 16.60 | 122.32 ± 16.79 | 123.14 ± 17.22 | 123.88 ± 15.82 | 0.2866 |
DBP (mmHg) | 76.04 ± 11.13 | 74.27 ± 10.79 | 76.60 ± 10.73 | 77.33 ± 11.56 | < 0.0001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.39 ± 0.76 | 0.75 ± 0.24 | 1.25 ± 0.31 | 2.17 ± 0.71 | < 0.0001 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.90 ± 0.93 | 2.77 ± 0.81 | 2.99 ± 1.00 | 2.96 ± 0.95 | < 0.0001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.32 ± 0.38 | 1.61 ± 0.41 | 1.28 ± 0.24 | 1.05 ± 0.18 | < 0.0001 |
ALT (U/L) | 24.66 ± 16.95 | 20.95 ± 13.79 | 25.36 ± 16.59 | 27.80 ± 19.27 | < 0.0001 |
AST (U/L) | 21.80 ± 11.09 | 21.24 ± 11.85 | 21.97 ± 10.96 | 22.21 ± 10.36 | 0.2918 |
GGT (IU/L) | 31.38 ± 33.11 | 28.24 ± 35.31 | 30.17 ± 28.19 | 35.61 ± 34.37 | 0.0003 |
ALB (g/L) | 40.25 ± 3.10 | 40.50 ± 3.01 | 40.22 ± 3.05 | 40.01 ± 3.22 | 0.0243 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.66 ± 1.35 | 5.26 ± 1.20 | 5.75 ± 1.37 | 5.98 ± 1.38 | < 0.0001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.82 ± 1.05 | 5.51 ± 0.65 | 5.86 ± 0.95 | 6.10 ± 1.33 | < 0.0001 |
eGFR(ml/min/1.73m2) | 95.56 ± 25.76 | 92.98 ± 21.87 | 96.49 ± 27.10 | 97.34 ± 27.89 | 0.0077 |
LSM (kPa) | 6.16 ± 4.39 | 5.46 ± 2.85 | 5.92 ± 3.11 | 7.09 ± 6.13 | < 0.0001 |
CAP (dB/m) | 305.76 ± 41.11 | 290.07 ± 35.39 | 305.38 ± 39.05 | 321.95 ± 42.02 | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 14.71 | 6.61 | 15.15 | 22.50 | |
No | 85.29 | 93.39 | 84.85 | 77.50 | |
Hypertension (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 47.84 | 37.94 | 52.53 | 53.79 | |
No | 52.16 | 62.06 | 47.47 | 46.21 | |
Hyperuricemia (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 26.11 | 14.81 | 28.89 | 35.07 | |
No | 73.89 | 85.19 | 71.11 | 64.93 | |
Stroke (%) | 0.3420 | ||||
Yes | 3.31 | 3.46 | 2.41 | 3.94 | |
No | 96.69 | 96.54 | 97.59 | 96.06 |