Table 1 Univariable MR results for the relationship between NAFLD, liver fat, liver volume and cortical structure

NAFLD

Parahippocampal SA (global weighting)

Caudalmiddlefrontal TH (global weighting)

Cuneus TH (global weighting)

Lingual TH (global weighting)

Parstriangularis TH (global weighting)

Caudalmiddlefrontal TH (non-global weighting)

Parstriangularis TH (non-global weighting)

Superiotemporal SA (non-global weighting)

Inverse variance weighted

-4.919 (-9.024,-0.814) P = 0.019

-0.005 (-0.010,-0.0001) P = 0.045

-0.006 (-0.012,-0.001) P = 0.033

-0.005 (-0.010,-0.0003) P = 0.040

-0.006 (-0.011,-0.0002) P = 0.040

-0.008 (-0.016,-0.0002) P = 0.044

-0.009 (-0.016,-0.001) P = 0.025

-21.607 (-42.732,-0.483) P = 0.045

Liver fat

Cuneus SA (global weighting)

Parahippocampal SA (global weighting)

Parsopercularis TH (non-global weighting)

Cuneus TH (non-global weighting)

Isthmuscingulate TH (non-global weighting)

Parsopercularis TH (non-global weighting)

Parstriangularis TH (non-global weighting)

Rostralmiddlefrontal TH (non-global weighting)

Superiorparietal SA (non-global weighting)

MR-Egger

12.130 (1.448,2.373E10) P = 0.090

-3.710 (-9.726,2.305) P = 0.266

-0.008 (-0.017,0.0002) P = 0.096

-0.008 (-0.018,0.002) P = 0.182

-0.0005 (-0.015,0.014) P = 0.950

-0.010 (-0.024,0.005) P = 0.239

-0.010 (-0.021,0.001) P = 0.131

-0.006 (-0.016,0.004) P = 0.267

-0.004 (-0.014,0.006) P = 0.418

Weighted median

10.695 (4.892,3.978E08) P = 0.021

-4.875 (-9.569,-0.182) P = 0.042

-0.007 (-0.014,-0.001) P = 0.032

-0.008 (-0.016,-0.001) P = 0.033

-0.010 (-0.021,0.002) P = 0.107

-0.011 (-0.022,0.0002) P = 0.054

-0.010 (-0.018,-0.001) P = 0.025

-0.007 (-0.015,0.001) P = 0.104

-0.006 (-0.014,0.002) P = 0.172

Inverse variance weighted

8.727 (2.191,1.735E07) P = 0.031

-5.643 (-9.658,-1.629) P = 0.006

-0.006 (-0.012,-0.001) P = 0.030

-0.009 (-0.016,-0.002) P = 0.008

-0.013 (-0.023,-0.003) P = 0.011

-0.012 (-0.022,-0.002) P = 0.014

-0.010 (-0.017,-0.002) P = 0.012

-0.007 (-0.014,-0.001) P = 0.034

-0.007 (-0.014,-0.001) P = 0.035

Liver volume

Isthmuscingulate TH (global weighting)

Parahippocampal TH (global weighting)

Parsopercularis TH (global weighting)

Isthmuscingulate TH (non-global weighting)

Lingual TH (non-global weighting)

Parahippocampal SA (non-global weighting)

Parsopercularis TH (non-global weighting)

Precentral TH (non-global weighting)

MR-Egger

-0.028 (-0.065,0.009) P = 0.179

0.023 (-0.034,0.081) P = 0.453

-0.017 (-0.036,0.002) P = 0.123

-0.040 (-0.083,0.003) P = 0.130

-0.011 (-0.035,0.013) P = 0.401

-3.809 (-24.251,16.632) P = 0.726

-0.020 (-0.048,0.009) P = 0.229

-0.007 (-0.038,0.024) P = 0.679

Weighted median

-0.027 (-0.05,-0.004) P = 0.021

0.023 (-0.011,0.057) P = 0.187

-0.014 (-0.025,-0.002) P = 0.024

-0.025 (-0.051,0.001) P = 0.061

-0.012 (-0.027,0.004) P = 0.135

-9.246 (-21.528,3.036) P = 0.140

-0.012 (-0.031,0.006) P = 0.202

-0.014 (-0.032,0.005) P = 0.144

Inverse variance weighted

-0.027 (-0.044,-0.01) P = 0.002

0.033 (0.006,0.059) P = 0.017

-0.012 (-0.021,-0.004) P = 0.006

-0.026 (-0.047,-0.005) P = 0.015

-0.013 (-0.024,-0.001) P = 0.030

-9.851 (-18.97,-0.733) P = 0.034

-0.015 (-0.03,-0.001) P = 0.043

-0.016 (-0.03,-0.001) P = 0.037