Table 1 Baseline features of patients with ACI, patients with OCI, and control individuals

General information

 Age(ys)

69.00(61.00,79.00)

71.50(65.00,79.00)

60.00(53.00,68.00)

< 0.001

 Male(n,%)

523(65.5%)

88(68.8%)

98(57.0%)

0.061

 Height(cm)

167.00(160.00,172.00)

171.00(158.00,183.50)

167.00(159.00,174.00)

< 0.001

 Weight(kg)

65.00(60.00,75.00)

69.00(60.00,76.00)

67.00(59.00,77.00)

0.340

 BMI(kg/m²)

23.88(22.04,26.12)

24.56(21.54,27.12)

24.19(21.36,27.67)

0.354

 Smoking(n,%)

179(22.4%)

54(42.2%)

54(42.2%)

< 0.001

Biochemical indicators

 WBC(*10⁹)

7.10(5.70,8.90)

6.59(5.50,8.25)

6.61(5.55,7.74)

0.003

 Hemoglobin(g/L)

138(125,149)

134(120,147)

139(127,155)

0.020

 FBS(mmol/L)

5.70(4.83,7.70)

5.20(4.58,6.47)

4.89(4.46,5.63)

< 0.001

 HbA1c(%)

6.00(5.60,7.40)

6.20(5.78,6.93)

5.70(5.40,6.40)

< 0.001

 BUN(mmol/L)

5.70(4.60,7.10)

5.74(4.92,7.20)

5.63(4.62,6.79)

0.292

 Creatinine(.mol/L)

75.15(62.00,90.65)

70.50(61.25,84.75)

70.60(57.20,81.00)

0.001

 eGFR[ml/(min*1.73m²)]

84.82(69.00,98.07)

86.17(69.30,102.66)

88.37(74.45,107.17)

0.013

History of disease

 Hypertension(n,%)

184(77.0%)

93(72.7%)

78(45.3%)

< 0.001

 Diabetes mellitus(n,%)

341(42.7%)

61(47.7%)

44(25.6%)

< 0.001

Medications

 Anti-platelet drugs(n,%)

740(92.6%)

124(96.9%)

172(100.0%)

< 0.001

 Statins(n,%)

780(97.6%)

123(96.1%)

160(93.0%)

0.008

 Ezetimibe(n,%)

37(4.6%)

46(35.9%)

54(31.6%)

< 0.001

 ACEI/ARB(n,%)

310(38.8%)

62(48.4%)

60(34.9%)

0.051

 β-receptor blocker(n,%)

160(20.0%)

75(58.6%)

113(65.7%)

< 0.001

 MRA(n,%)

24(3.0%)

17(13.3%)

0(0.0%)

< 0.001

 ARNI(n,%)

26(3.3%)

11(8.6%)

22(12.8%)

< 0.001

 SGLT2i(n,%)

51(6.4%)

13(10.2%)

15(8.7%)

0.215

 Insulin(n,%)

250(31.3%)

37(28.9%)

8(4.7%)

< 0.001