Associations of dietary iron intake with cardiovascular disease risk and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults

Cui, Min; Wu, Hao; Zhang, Hanmo; Wei, Liping; Qi, Xin

doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02058-4

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 4 Association between iron intake and risk of developing dyslipidemia in men

From: Associations of dietary iron intake with cardiovascular disease risk and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults

Dyslipidemia Type	heme iron intake						non-heme iron intake
Dyslipidemia Type	Model 1			Adjusted model			Model 1			Adjusted model
High LDL-C	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	1.223	0.842–1.775	0.290	1.194	0.815–1.750	0.362	1.028	0.743–1.421	0.869	1.115	0.797–1.560	0.526
Q3	1.280	0.885–1.952	0.190	1.234	0.841–1.810	0.283	0.946	0.681–1.316	0.743	1.020	0.721–1.443	0.909
Q4	1.593	1.116–2.275	0.010	1.663	1.145–2.416	0.008	0.680	0.476–0.969	0.033	0.702	0.482–1.024	0.067
Q5	1.722	1.212–2.449	0.002	1.786	1.226–2.602	0.003	0.798	0.567–1.124	0.196	0.815	0.559–1.189	0.288
Low HDL-C
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	1.114	0.822–1.509	0.486	1.030	0.749–1.416	0.855	1.000	0.754–1.325	1.000	0.977	0.728–1.312	0.877
Q3	1.140	0.842–1.542	0.397	1.078	0.785–1.481	0.641	0.990	0.746–1.312	0.943	0.914	0.676–1.234	0.556
Q4	1.284	0.955–1.728	0.098	1.183	0.862–1.623	0.298	0.878	0.658–1.172	0.378	0.795	0.582–1.085	0.148
Q5	1.392	1.039–1.866	0.027	1.295	0.942–1.779	0.112	0.704	0.521–0.952	0.023	0.704	0.507–0.979	0.037
High TC
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	1.395	0.920–2.115	0.117	1.538	0.999–2.366	0.050	0.966	0.671–1.391	0.852	0.966	0.659–1.416	0.860
Q3	1.696	1.134–2.536	0.010	1.904	1.248–2.905	0.003	0.983	0.683–1.414	0.926	0.968	0.659–1.422	0.869
Q4	1.696	1.134–2.536	0.010	2.106	1.375–3.226	< 0.001	0.915	0.633–1.324	0.638	0.806	0.541–1.201	0.290
Q5	2.035	1.376–3.011	< 0.001	2.404	1.575–3.669	< 0.001	0.966	0.671–1.391	0.852	0.869	0.579–1.304	0.497
High TG
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	1.047	0.803–1.365	0.735	1.072	0.800−1.435	0.642	1.256	0.982–1.606	0.070	1.142	0.871–1.498	0.338
Q3	1.365	1.058–1.763	0.017	1.570	1.182–2.087	0.002	1.312	1.027–1.676	0.030	1.101	0.837–1.448	0.490
Q4	1.472	1.143–1.896	0.003	1.746	1.314–2.322	< 0.001	1.068	0.831–1.374	0.608	0.794	0.597–1.056	0.113
Q5	1.780	1.389–2.280	< 0.001	1.895	1.423–2.523	< 0.001	1.008	0.782−1.300	0.948	0.787	0.587–1.055	0.109
Low ApoA-1/ApoB
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	1.200	0.951–1.514	0.124	1.219	0.954–1.557	0.113	1.006	0.806–1.256	0.955	0.993	0.786–1.254	0.952
Q3	1.257	0.998–1.584	0.052	1.337	1.046–1.709	0.020	0.962	0.770–1.202	0.733	0.915	0.721–1.160	0.462
Q4	1.429	1.137–1.795	0.002	1.563	1.222–1.999	< 0.001	0.807	0.643–1.013	0.064	0.742	0.580–0.948	0.017
Q5	1.411	1.123–1.774	0.003	1.514	1.178–1.945	0.001	0.907	0.725–1.134	0.392	0.847	0.660–1.085	0.189
High L(a)
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	0.886	0.652–1.202	0.436	0.908	0.664–1.240	0.542	1.134	0.854–1.507	0.385	1.204	0.899–1.611	0.213
Q3	0.874	0.643–1.188	0.390	0.869	0.633–1.192	0.382	0.616	0.447–0.849	0.003	0.657	0.470–0.917	0.013
Q4	1.094	0.815–1.468	0.549	1.105	0.811–1.505	0.527	0.818	0.605–1.106	0.193	0.900	0.656–1.236	0.516
Q5	0.818	0.600−1.117	0.207	0.900	0.647–1.251	0.529	0.767	0.564–1.041	0.089	0.810	0.584–1.122	0.205

Model 1: Unadjusted. Adjusted model: Adjusted for age, BMI, alcohol status, smoking status, energy intake, urban residence, education level, serum ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptor level. Heme and non-heme iron intakes were adjusted mutually

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