Table 1 Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of the participants at baseline according to the TyG index quintiles
Variables | Overall | TyG Index Quintiles | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 1624) | Q1 (n = 325) | Q2 (n = 325) | Q3 (n = 325) | Q4 (n = 325) | Q5 (n = 324) | ||
Ethnicity-Han Chinese, n (%) | 1013 (62.4) | 201 (61.8) | 197 (60.6) | 203 (62.5) | 198 (60.9) | 214 (66.0) | 0.622 |
Maternal age, years | 31.7 ± 4.0 | 31.2 ± 4.0 | 31.5 ± 3.8 | 31.7 ± 3.9 | 31.9 ± 4.2 | 32.1 ± 3.8 | 0.04 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 22.4 ± 3.3 | 21.9 ± 3.0 | 22.1 ± 3.3 | 22.4 ± 3.3 | 22.4 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.5 | 0.004 |
Assisted reproduction, n (%) | 69 (4.2) | 6 (1.8) | 9 (2.8) | 13 (4.0) | 18 (5.5) | 23 (7.1) | 0.007 |
Abortion history, n (%) | 444 (27.3) | 63 (19.4) | 83 (25.5) | 91 (28.0) | 98 (30.2) | 109 (33.6) | 0.001 |
Gravidity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.039 |
 1 | 786 (48.4) | 184 (56.6) | 170 (52.3) | 154 (47.4) | 145 (44.6) | 133 (41.0) |  |
 2 | 464 (28.6) | 84 (25.8) | 89 (27.4) | 93 (28.6) | 97 (29.8) | 101 (31.2) |  |
 3 | 247 (15.2) | 39 (12.0) | 44 (13.5) | 51 (15.7) | 54 (16.6) | 59 (18.2) |  |
 ≥ 4 | 127 (7.8) | 18 (5.5) | 22 (6.8) | 27 (8.3) | 29 (8.9) | 31 (9.6) |  |
Parity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.018 |
 0 | 1041 (64.1) | 219 (67.4) | 217 (66.8) | 201 (61.8) | 201 (61.8) | 203 (62.7) |  |
 1 | 326 (20.1) | 70 (21.5) | 64 (19.7) | 74 (22.8) | 66 (20.3) | 52 (16.0) |  |
 ≥ 2 | 257 (15.8) | 36 (11.1) | 44 (13.5) | 50 (15.4) | 58 (17.8) | 69 (21.3) |  |
Gestational week at examination, weeks | 11.1 ± 2.4 | 10.7 ± 2.5 | 11.0 ± 2.5 | 11.4 ± 2.2 | 11.3 ± 2.2 | 10.9 ± 2.5 | 0.002 |
SBP, mmHg | 114.8 ± 9.7 | 113.6 ± 9.6 | 114.4 ± 10.6 | 114.2 ± 9.6 | 116.0 ± 8.7 | 116.1 ± 9.8 | 0.004 |
DBP, mmHg | 69.3 ± 8.8 | 68.1 ± 7.2 | 69.0 ± 8.8 | 69.4 ± 9.4 | 68.8 ± 8.8 | 71.0 ± 9.5 | 0.013 |
FPG, mg/dL | 86.8 ± 8.4 | 81.9 ± 7.0 | 85.1 ± 6.2 | 86.5 ± 7.3 | 86.8 ± 7.1 | 93.8 ± 9.2 | < 0.001 |
TG, mg/dL | 156.3 (107.2, 226.8) | 68.6 (54.6, 83.9) | 116.7 (106.8, 126.6) | 156.6 (143.3, 168.9) | 211.2 (195.7, 228.6) | 314.5 (277.4, 369.8) | < 0.001 |
TC, mg/dL | 229.6 ± 53.1 | 183.3 ± 47.6 | 228.6 ± 38.3 | 239.2 ± 44.1 | 242.0 ± 41.6 | 254.8 ± 60.8 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 96.3 ± 40.8 | 97.6 ± 31.9 | 103.8 ± 32.3 | 104.7 ± 41.2 | 95.2 ± 40.1 | 80.2 ± 50.7 | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 74.3 ± 17.8 | 65.3 ± 18.1 | 77.7 ± 17.5 | 79.1 ± 15.5 | 76.6 ± 16.9 | 73.0 ± 17.6 | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobin, g/L | 125.3 ± 15.5 | 122.8 ± 14.5 | 125.2 ± 15.7 | 126.4 ± 15.9 | 124.8 ± 16.0 | 127.3 ± 15.2 | 0.001 |
Uric acid, μmoI/L | 271.8 (225.0, 325.0) | 236.0 (199.5, 279.7) | 274.7 (229.9, 321.7) | 277.6 (231.6, 333.4) | 276.2 (231.4, 323.3) | 301.1 (251.4, 359.7) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, μmoI/L | 48.0 (42.9, 53.9) | 48.0 (43.0, 54.0) | 48.5 (43.2, 53.9) | 47.1 (42.0, 53.6) | 48.0 (42.7, 53.8) | 48.7 (43.3, 54.7) | 0.177 |
ALT, U/L | 12.0 (10.0, 16.0) | 11.0 (9.6, 14.0) | 11.2 (10.0, 14.6) | 12.8 (10.3, 16.0) | 12.7 (10.0, 16.0) | 14.0 (11.0, 18.0) | < 0.001 |
AST, U/L | 14.5 (11.0, 19.2) | 13.4 (10.3, 16.9) | 14.4 (10.8, 18.5) | 15.0 (11.5, 19.2) | 14.5 (10.9, 19.8) | 16.2 (11.8, 22.1) | < 0.001 |
Delivery gestations, weeks | 38.9 ± 1.1 | 39.0 ± 1.0 | 39.0 ± 1.1 | 38.8 ± 1.2 | 38.9 ± 1.1 | 38.8 ± 1.1 | 0.021 |
Gestational weight gain, kg | 15.4 ± 4.7 | 14.7 ± 4.6 | 14.8 ± 4.7 | 16.0 ± 4.7 | 16.0 ± 4.9 | 15.3 ± 4.4 | < 0.001 |
Gestational weight gain, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 < recommendation | 89 (5.5) | 28 (8.6) | 19 (5.8) | 16 (4.9) | 10 (3.1) | 16 (4.9) |  |
 Within recommendation | 601 (37.0) | 125 (38.5) | 147 (45.2) | 99 (30.5) | 115 (35.4) | 115 (35.5) |  |
 > recommendation | 934 (57.5) | 172 (52.9) | 159 (48.9) | 210 (64.6) | 200 (61.5) | 193 (59.6) |  |