Table 1 Baseline characteristic of the study participants

Sex

0.197

 Male

186 (48.1%)

165 (43.4%)

 Female

201 (51.9%)

215 (56.6%)

Age

0.001

 < 60

151 (39.0%)

192 (50.5%)

 ≥60

236 (61.0%)

188 (49.5%)

BMI

< 0.001

 < 18.5

14 (3.6%)

39 (10.3%)

 18.5 ~ 23.9

195 (50.4%)

229 (60.2%)

 ≥24

178 (46.0%)

112 (29.5%)

Education

< 0.001

 low

142 (36.7%)

56 (14.7%)

 high

245 (63.3%)

324 (85.3%)

Residence

0.536

 Rural

193 (49.9%)

198 (52.1%)

 Urban

194 (50.1%)

182 (47.9%)

Marital status

0.093

 Married

358 (90.4%)

381 (93.6%)

 Others

38 (9.6%)

26 (6.4%)

Occupational activity

0.329

 Light

77 (19.9%)

91 (23.9%)

 Moderate

180 (46.5%)

175 (46.1%)

 Heavy

130 (33.6%)

114 (30.0%)

Smoking status

0.002

 No

275 (71.1%)

229 (60.3%)

 Yes

112 (28.9%)

151 (39.7%)

Alcohol drinking

< 0.001

 No

315 (81.4%)

263 (69.2%)

 Yes

72 (18.6%)

117 (30.8%)

Family history of cancer

0.026

 No

340 (87.9%)

312 (82.1%)

 Yes

47 (12.1%)

68 (17.9%)

Diabetes

< 0.001

 No

295 (76.2%)

336 (88.4%)

 Yes

92 (23.8%)

44 (11.6%)

Oral hygiene

0.020

 Well

113 (29.2%)

141 (37.1%)

 Poor

274 (70.8%)

239 (62.9%)