Table 1 Physical examination and serum biochemical results of the metabolomic participants

Sex (M/F)

24/6

/

24/6

/

25/5

/

Age (years)

36.23

10.01

34.77

6.23

36.03

5.80

BMI (kg/m²)

22.74

3.61

24.92

3.36*

27.83

3.14^#&

SBP (mmHg)

120.67

14.52

120.73

15.61

126.80

12.51

DBP (mmHg)

76.33

8.15

78.87

9.79

87.90

9.78^#&

SUA (μmol/L)

324.77

69.55

466.10

69.44*

472.83

59.43^#

FPG (mmol/L)

5.00

0.40

5.22

1.27

5.16

0.50

ALT (U/L)

12.97

7.13

19.10

9.72

36.60

24.39^#&

AST (U/L)

16.70

4.33

18.10

4.33

24.16

11.39^#

TC (mmol/L)

4.12

0.39

4.44

0.53

5.77

0.69^#&

TG (mmol/L)

0.91

0.31

1.08

0.29

3.05

1.70^#&

HDLc (mmol/L)

1.28

0.19

1.32

0.31

1.30

0.28

LDLc (mmol/L)

2.67

0.38

2.69

0.76

3.55

0.80^#&

VLDLc (mmol/L)

0.41

0.14

0.49

0.13

1.39

0.77^#&

BUN (μmol/L)

4.48

0.93

4.81

1.13

4.95

1.11

Scr (mmol/L)

70.53

10.33

75.40

12.18

74.00

11.78

eGFR mL/(min·1.73 m²)

112.76

10.58

109.12

10.92

109.64

9.87