Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants

Age (year)

56.33 ± 8.70

55.79 ± 9.46

0.686

Sex (male, %)

52 (57.8%)

32 (45.7%)

0.152

BMI (kg/m²)

24.68 ± 3.61

23.05 ± 3.15

0.003

Smoking, n (%)

38 (42.2%)

13 (18.6%)

0.002

Statin use, n (%)

56 (62.2%)

7 (10.0%)

< 0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

53 (58.9%)

17 (24.3%)

< 0.001

T2DM, n (%)

26 (28.9%)

9 (12.9%)

0.02

TG (mmol/L)

1.86 (1.3, 2.7)

1.00 (0.8, 1.5)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.42 (3.9, 5.4)

4.31 (3.7, 4.9)

0.104

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.07 ± 1.05

2.69 ± 0.67

0.010

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.07 ± 0.28

1.22 ± 0.26

< 0.001

Lp(a) (mg/L)

189.70 (100.5, 482.5)

76.60 (45.5, 164.4)

< 0.001

APO-A1 (g/L)

1.02 ± 0.19

1.08 ± 0.16

0.052

APO-B (g/L)

0.84 (0.7, 1.1)

0.77 (0.6, 0.9)

0.022

Hs-CRP (mg/L)

2.96 (1.2, 10.3)

1.04 (0.5, 2.1)

< 0.001

WBC count (×10⁹/L)

7.09 (5.7, 8.6)

5.85 (5.0, 6.6)

< 0.001

Neutrophil count (×10⁹/L)

4.46 (3.5, 5.8)

3.46 (2.9, 4.0)

< 0.001

Monocyte count (×10⁹/L)

0.43 (0.3, 0.5)

0.33 (0.3, 0.4)

< 0.001

Lymphocyte count (×10⁹/L)

1.77 ± 0.64

1.80 ± 0.52

0.704