Increased visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio is positively associated with the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a Chinese population

Table 2 OR with 95% CI for associations between VSR and MASLD according to sex

	VSR	N	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Male	Q1	1537	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
	Q2	1534	2.054 (1.772, 2.381) ***	2.037 (1.756, 2.362) ***	1.738 (1.478, 2.043) ***
	Q3	1544	3.229 (2.783, 3.747) ***	3.157 (2.718, 3.666) ***	2.570 (2.183, 3.026) ***
	Q4	1535	4.475 (3.842, 5.213) ***	4.333 (3.715, 5.053) ***	3.138 (2.652, 3.713) ***
P for trend			< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Female	Q1	1190	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
	Q2	1197	1.040 (0.820, 1.318)	1.021 (0.804, 1.297)	0.969 (0.765, 1.296)
	Q3	1188	1.472 (1.176, 1.844) **	1.436 (1.145, 1.800) **	1.295 (1.009, 1.662) *
	Q4	1291	2.760 (2.233, 3.411) ***	2.624 (2.120, 3.247) ***	2.108 (1.664, 2.668) ***
P for trend			< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Note Model 1: adjusted for age. Model 2: model 1 plus current smoking, drinking, and exercise. Model 3: model 2 plus total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Quartiles of VSR in men, Q1: ≤ 2.26, Q2: 2.27 ~ 2.75, Q3: 2.76 ~ 3.29, Q4 > 3.29; quartiles of VSR in women, Q1: ≤2.85, Q2: 2.86 ~ 3.62, Q3: 3.63 ~ 4.88, Q4: >4.88. Compare to Q1, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

ISSN: 1476-511X